3. Adjective - nome aggettivo
distinctive feature of the Italian language is a place which is an adjective, namely, what it stands after the noun. A similar structure in French. The adjective agrees with the noun on the type and number. Can be identified with of adjectives that:
- the masculine have the ending -on
- in the feminine ending in - and
- with the end -e as the generic. and in the am like that.
| masculine, ed.chislo | feminine ed.chislo |
| un ragazz o polacc o | una ragazz a polacc a |
| un ragazz o olandes e | una ragazz a olandes e |
ragazzo / ragazza - boy / girl a young man (boyfriend) / girl
Accordingly, if we entertain affectionate feelings toward the representative of the Netherlands (olandese), then realize it's a boy or girl You can only definite article or a noun, adjective ending will not change.
il libro (
and ll ibro ) - book il mare ( sea il voto ( score il tavolo ( table lo studente (l student l'amico (l each la risposta (l response la neve (l snow la penna (l handle l'amica (l girlfriend la pittura (l painting la musica (l music
Nouns in Italian are masculine and feminine, which makes it a serious study of 
| ending | unique number | |
| masculine | -on | mond o (world) |
| feminine | -a | cultur a |
| | -e | padr e (father) madr e (mother) |
2. Articles - articoli
In Italian there is a definite and indefinite articles, which in principle can not be a surprise to us. Rules for their use does not differ from the rules in English or French. Another thing the form of articles, with things more interesting, they are defined:
- originally a noun (which is logical)
- and the first letter of the noun (worse)
| definite article ed.chislo | Uncertain article ed.chislo | |||
| mzh.rod | zhen.rod | muzh.rod | zhen.rod | |
| before a consonant | il mondo | la cultura | un lavoro (work) | una casa (home) |
| before vowel | l ' interesse | l' indagine | un amico (each) | un ' amica (girlfriend) |
| before s + consonant | studio (training) | studente | ||
| before z | zucchero (Sahara) | zucchino (kabachok) | ||
| pered ps | lo ________ psycologo | uno ______ pseudonimo | ||
| pered gn | gnomo | gnocco (klecka) | ||
| before x | xilofono | xenofobo | ||
| before y | yogurt | yacht | ||
Brief:
feminine indefinite article una or un '(if the word begins with a vowel)
indefinite article masculine un - apostrophe before a vowel does not appear (un amico)
indefinite article uno
- to S + consonant
- to Z
- in front of PS
- before GN
- before X
- before Y
definite article:
feminine la or l ' (if the word begins with a vowel)
masculine il or l ' (if the word begins with a vowel)
Opredelnny article lo
NB : if the masculine noun begins i , it uses the definite article lo : lo iodio - iodine, lo ionio - ion.
before h is presented apostrophe: l'hotel, l'hobby
Tu -o -o -o
lei/lui/ Lei -e -e -e
Noi -iamo -iamo -iamo
Voi -ate -ete -ite
Loro -ano -Ono ,-ono
Наречия :
very well - очень хорошо
dolce - sweet
poco - a little
molto - much
solo - just
Verbs are divided into three groups:
Group 1 - regular verbs, the - are : parlare, studiare, habitare
Group 2 : not quite right on - ere : vivere, prendere, scrivere
Group 3 : not at all regular verbs, the - ire: partire, dormire, aprire (translated as open , in otlchie from the French. apprendre - take )
Exercise:
I write a letter
You write - "-
you write / write him
We write
You write
They
written down
I speak Italian, ... You talk, you talk / He speaks ... , We speak ... You talk ... They speak (ударение на первый слог)
I open the window ... You open, you open the window / He opens ... We open ... , You open .. They open
I sleep, you sleep, he / she sleeps, we sleep, you sleep, they sleep
I sail, you leave, she / he leaves, we start, you matches, leaving them
... уффф!
Ну и напоследок: этимология слова: German - немецкий.
Inhabitants of Italy are the Italian, those of France are the French. Because the inhabitants of Germany are the Germans?
Where does the German language?
The German language, as it is spoken today, has many roots formed from the centuries BC by the Germanic dialects, Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian influences you feel today, especially in vocabulary. Later, through the Romans, many influences come from Latin and still feel, as well as the vocabulary, especially in the grammar of modern German.
The origin of the word "German"
Looking good, the German word looks a little like 'the word deutsch and it is no coincidence: in fact, the two words have the same root. In the Middle Ages, the territory of Germany, which did not exist as a state, they spoke Latin (the language of the church and essays) and a popular language called Theod. This word appears for the first time in a document of the year 786 AD, comes from the Germanic dialects, and simply meant "the people". So, originally, "German" simply meant "language of the people" in contrast to the Latin was the language of the sages, monks, the language of those who could read and write. From theodiscus spread the word deutsch , Italy and the German word . The Germans or die Deutschen were then simply those who spoke the language of the people.
What was "Germany"?
Germany The Italian word was used by the Romans who called it the land between the rivers Rhine, Danube and the Baltic Sea. The people who lived there were the Germans . The Roman historian Tacitus wrote in the year 98 AD, the famous treatise Germany - De origin, situ, moribus ac populis Germanorum where they are studied from a geographical point of view and ethnographic Germanic peoples.
In France ...
In France they still use another word for the German language: allemand, but there are also such historical concepts, words and Germanique tudesque . The word dates back to allemand Alemmannen , a Germanic people who lived between dell'sud-west Germany, Switzerland and eastern France (Alsace). Even today, the German dialect spoken in those parts is also called alemannisch .
